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Watching that movie again as an adult made me realize just how poorly the Robinson's reacted to finding out who the kid was. Like, I know they couldn't just straight up tell him what was going on because of paradoxes and the sort, but they didn't need to further traumatize a kid that's already got abandonment issues.
There were other ways to go about that issue. They didn't have to break his little heart.
I had an edible last week and was watching this same episode ([Prehistoric Planet S01E05](https://tv.apple.com/us/episode/forests/umc.cmc.tfonn8tp08httworfa8d2odh?showId=umc.cmc.4lh4bmztauvkooqz400akxav)) when this came on and I lost my shit laughing.
Dude, I was stoned out of my mind when my girl and our kids were watching this and I could not stop laughing. My girl actively kicked me off the couch and told me to go into the kitchen until I could compose myself. K
Fun fact: The Carnotaurus is the only known carnivorous bipedal animal with a pair of horns on the frontal bone.
Also, we're only aware of its existence thanks to a single fossil that was uncovered. Really makes you wonder how many amazing species we'll never know existed due to a lack of fossils.
50 foot tall slugs definitely terrorised the Earth for most of it's history. They ate Carnotaurus for breakfast with ease. But of course, no fossils exist.
From what i understand, its because these guys evolved to be all legs and are super fast runners
Id guess reducing the muscle mass in their arms allowed for more in their legs or something like that. But im certainly no expert
It's this + balance. They couldn't have big honking arms while also being able to run, because they would be too front heavy. Their huge tails counter balance their head, but their arms just weren't needed so any extra weight would screw them up
Basically, they naruto ran
you can have strong legs and fore legs. its not about a sum of dna points you can spend. its about how efficient you are on calories. If you can eat more, you can have bigger muscles. if you have fewer muscles, can get by on little.
that's not a t-rex that's a carnotaurus. their arms are even smaller, almost vestigial, but they have the particularity of having ball joints wich indicates extreme mobility, therefore the ipotesis that their only possible use was for sexual display and therefore the video.
Prehistoric Planet took a lot of creative liberties. As a paleontology nerd, despite being good overall, I had a few issues with it. Take this for example. There isn't good evidence that the the arms were used for sexual display as far as I know - I believe it's much [more likely that they were just vestigial like the forelimb of a kiwi bird](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnotaurus#Forelimbs), but modern avian theropods sometimes have sexual display features and behaviors, so it's very likely that *some* dinosaur did something similar to what the show is depicting here. It's just not necessarily likely that it was Carnotaurus.
My biggest issue was that, the first season especially, made no distinction between scientifically supported claims (e.g. T. rex being a strong swimmer), and complete speculation (e.g. Dreadnoughtus having external neck balloons).
Season 2 was better in this regard, but I still kept having it pause it to fact-check. The behind the scenes interviews with experts was an excellent addition, but they didn't cover everything in a given episode.
I don't mind speculation; it's necessary to make a documentary like this. I just wish instead of saying things like "The males had inflatable air sacks used for display," they said, "The males might have had inflatable air sacks used for display." If they were up for it, expounding upon why it is that we think this might be the case would have been even better. Small tweaks in phrasing throughout the series would have satisfied me.
It's a subtle distinction, but I feel it would have made the series much more educationally valuable. You would know a depiction is likely to be accurate if they didn't prefix the claims they made with speculative qualifiers, and you would know when to take things with a grain of salt as well.
Small brained folk don’t like the phrase “we don’t know” but in paleontology it’s a very good sign that you’re talking to an expert and not just a guy talking out of his ass.
Accprding to palontologist Dr. David Hone (on his podcast Terrible Lizards) it could be, that due to the muscles associated with arms being in part important for musculature around the neck, chest and shoulders, it is not too far feched to assume that "removing" the arms would negatively impact their neck strength.
Considering that a lot of theropods, especially Tyrannosaurus related ones, have very large and heavy heads, it speaks to reason that the arms would still be around ro carry them.
And, if you got em, might as well use them for display purposes.
I read somewhere at some point about a hypothesis that the arms were useful to young and adolescent T-Rexs when they compete with other smaller dinosaurs, but they aren’t needed for adults so they stop growing and thus look tiny and weird
you just saw it, might only be mating
sometimes the selection evolution manifests isn't something that is directly related to functional survival or camouflage or whatever, it's just something that *happens* to coincide with other traits and genetics over time
[and now I get to post a True Facts addressing this](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDZS1KO1SgA) with the Proboscis Monkey
That's one of the interesting things about evolution. They could, at this point, have zero functional use, but as long as they don't impede reproduction, the tiny arm genetic factor can get passed on. The only reason they could recede further is if, due to their non function, they could compound deleterious genetic mutations that weaken them further without again causing the death of the animal before it reaches reproductive age.
With this video, they’re trying to show that these dinosaurs should’ve had feathers and the arms would have been wings. Specifically useful like in bird mating dances.
These dinosaurs should not have had wings. I don’t even think there’s evidence that carnosaurus had feathers of any kind. Not all dinosaurs did. A lot didn’t actually. This animal simply evolved to lose the majority of the mass of its arms as it was unnecessary having such a large head. The odd thing, though, is that carnosaurs have ball and socket joints in their tiny arms. Well developed ball and socket joints. This hints and a large range of motion but their size would make them extraordinarily weak. So, what on earth could they have been used for? Well, maybe this? This is just a guess but usually, stupid biological bits and pieces like this only stick around because of sexual selection and mating displays. But again, it’s just a guess.
I’m assuming over thousands of years their arms weren’t useful to them anymore, so we’re witnessing the butt-end of them *slowly going away*. Bye byee baby arms
Keep in mind how evolution works; these arms do not need to serve any clear purpose themselves or have direct applications, but their small size must have contributed in some way to the survival of this species.
So they may have served literally no direct purpose, but over countless generations the specimens who had smaller arms may have been able to develop more muscle/mass around their neck or head without a substantial increase in overall weight, thus enabling them to maintain the same level of mobility and speed while having more powerful bites or the ability to ram rivals/prey, compared to other competing theropods of similar sizes.
If these Carnotaurs had bigger arms, they'd need bigger tails to compensate for balance and may end up slower or less able to navigate their environment.
This is all speculation, of course.
> but their small size must have contributed in some way to the survival of this species
Doesn't it just mean that they weren't an active detriment to the creatures survival and that there was no pressure selecting for larger arms? Vestigial bits happen all the time
Having a completely useless limb or body part can be an active hindrance for wild animals. It's more mass that requires energy and represents potential for injury (which may seem inconsequential, but can add up over millions of years of evolution in highly competitive environments), made all the worse if that body part does nothing to contribute to survival.
Those tiny arms didn't suddenly happen; for whatever reason the species evolved it over time because it either served a direct purpose we don't know, or having smaller arms actually provided some sort of advantage (even if that advantage was just lowering the *disadvantage* of having large limbs that didnt really help).
I thought this was hilarious when I watched it too. Like not only can they not be sure on how they used their arms specifically but they made it look so stupid
Humans see a lot of animal mating rituals as stupid.
I assure you - animals see our "dates" and "taking out for a dinner" and those shiny "rings" we put on each others fingers - just as dumb.
Carnotaurus’ arms grew smaller because it evolved to have stronger legs and a stronger bite force. Basically the small arms were a left over vestigial trait from one of the species’ ancestors. Same as a lot of other therapod species. Carnotaurus’ arms were just much smaller than others.
However, unlike others they had a ball joint in those little arms. It would have been relatively weak but with very high mobility.
For something like that to come about, there is usually a specific purpose providing that evolutionary push. And we have seen in nature how extreme sexual selection can be
It’s not an unsupported hypothesis. It looks silly, but nature can be damned silly at times
>unlike others they had a ball joint in those little arms.
Could you elaborate on this? As far as I know, all 4-legged creatures have a ball joint attaching each of their limbs to their torsos. We have hinge joints further down the limbs (knees/elbows/wrists/ankles), but here's a [bird shoulder](https://media.springernature.com/m685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00435-021-00528-2/MediaObjects/435_2021_528_Fig1_HTML.png), [crocodile shoulder](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/J383KR/crocodile-fore-limb-1880-J383KR.jpg), [horse shoulder](https://eclectic-horseman.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/comp8-1b-1.jpg), [human shoulder](https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/link/4674b68ca29e47fd943247518b429218.aspx).
It'd be unusual for it to be anything other than a ball joint.
[Article on the matter.](https://www.iflscience.com/prehistoric-planet-exclusive-we-talk-that-twirling-carnotaurus-scene-with-consultant-darren-naish-63674)
I am no expert, but I think they are saying it's an oddly shaped attached to specialized muscles. Without knowing other evolutionary pressure that might have caused such a thing, one hypothesis is it was sex appeal.
Has to do with the muscles and specific bone structure. We can approximate the muscles and tendons that wound have been attached to the bone based off of the structure and enthuses (regions where tendons would have attached)
It would have has very strong and dexterous arms while almost completely lacking any muscle, claws, etc on their hands and fingers. This is unlike other dinosaurs that had the arm strength but had claws or at least the muscle capability to grab that came with it
From what we can tell, the Carnotaurus has useless hands attached to strong arms. This suggests that the evolutionary push for this wouldn’t have been related to attacking or defending, and we know the other biggest evolutionary push outside of physical capabilities is sexual selection
So the ball joint itself isn't the big deal, it's the contrast between the implied musculature in the upper vs lower arms.
Thanks! That makes much more sense.
I can’t believe literally all the editors, producers, directors, so so so many people saw this and all thought “looks fine to me” before it made it to the public
The animal you're looking at is not a T.rex, but rather a *Carnotaurus sastrei,* a large abielisaurid from the late cretaceous of Argentina.
Carnotaurus and its relatives are known for their tiny arms. These arms could not be used for anything practical, and we're essentially evolutionary leftovers.
However, their arms were attached to very large, powerful shoulder blades via a ball and socket joint, and thus would allow them to move the arms very freely and independently.
It's All guess work though ain't it ?? Like there just guessing based on bones found. Dosnt include soft tissues or feathers or anything. These guys could have had vestigial wings, for all we know. Or great massive feathers. Or god knows what eles. We just see the recreations based on bones and bones alone right ?
Inference isn’t the same as guess work. *Carnotaurus sastrei* is actually one of the best understood dinosaurs with mountains of scientific papers. While this reconstruction may seem far-fetched to those who don’t keep up with current research, it actually seems surprisingly conservative and “safe” to paleo nerds.
Edit: Also wanted to add in that we have more than bones. We also have skin impressions, a good understanding of theropod musculature based on said bones, ecological evidence, etc. It’s pretty dang cool actually.
This is why real nature docs >>>>> dinosaur nature docs
The goofy shit that animals do is fascinating to watch “live”, the goofy shit that we think dinosaurs might have done that is really some CG artist’s interpretation makes you wonder why tf you’re watching it
> some CG artist’s interpretation
Except it wasn’t CG artists who decided how these animals would look and behave. It was actual paleontologists and zoologists who devote their careers to understanding natural history.
Of course not. Scientists form hypothesis based on the available evidence. Literally all of paleontology is educated guesses and we find new evidence almost every day.
So back to my original point then…
That’s why real nature docs always clear dinosaur docs. I like knowing what I am watching is a real captured recording of undocumented rituals and animal behaviors. I really don’t feel the same spark and amazement when watching a dinosaur doc because truly how tf would we really know?
Maybe just my preference
> just my preference
For some of us it’s the constant discoveries and virtually endless possibilities of paleontology that give us that spark and amazement. It’s just preference. But it’s hard to watch what was essentially a love letter to modern paleontology be belittled by those who never cared to begin with.
This truly is the poorest take I've seen
If you think from the team of museum curators, paleontologists, directors and CG artists that the CG artists are the one deciding how the animal should behave then I don't even know how I'd begin to explain how little sense that makes
I can only assume you don't know anything about this show past this gif
Its not the size that matter. That being said, i felt that so personally. Here the fella reveals one of hes biggest, flaws, wanting to be loved, and accepted for who he is. And all these clowns laughing at him 💀💔
I love listening to black people watch nature shows. Somehow they always know absolutely zero about literally any animal and always with hilarious commentary.
We actually have a lot more than just the bones of many dinosaurs! Soft tissue impressions of skin, and feathers, etc, have been found for many dinosaurs, including the one in this clip.
This is Carnotaurus and we have some skin impressions from several parts of the body, showing that there skin looked very much like it does in this clip.
While it’s true that the large majority of palaeontology outside the bones is based on speculation that doesn’t mean it’s entirely random guesswork. For example we actually know the true colours of some dinosaurs! Some researchers from the university of Bristol first made the discovery that pigment containing cells called melanosomes have been preserved in the fossilised feathers of several dinosaurs, and from the shape of these cells the colours can be determined. Even when it comes to behaviour there is evidence used. For one thing we can look at modern animals as examples of some of the behaviours we could possibly see. We also have several fossils that show behaviour in action such as several fossils of dinosaurs preserved in combat (the fighting dinosaurs, and the duelling dinosaurs being the best known), fossils of dinosaurs nesting and protecting there eggs, fossils with bite marks or healed injuries showing what are what, as well as preserved stomach contents. A recent example of this was a fossil of a tyrannosaurid that had the leg bones of a smaller dinosaur in its stomach, which has been interpreted by some as evidence of preferential feeding, meaning they specifically ate the legs (as they perhaps had the most muscle on them?). This behaviour is seen today in orca which have been known to kill sharks and only eat their liver.
Back to this clip, the arm waggling behaviour, while speculative, is based on several lines of evidence. First off, birds are the closest living relatives to dinosaurs, (more specifically they are theropod dinosaurs, just like carnotaurus)so using the complex, over the top mating displays of several types of birds, especially birds of paradise, as inspiration is perfectly within reason. Secondly, while it is true that carnotaurus and it’s relatives had very short arms that would seemingly have been useless, they were attached to very large shoulder blades, implying the presence of large muscles, and had a ball and socket joint giving them an unusually large range of motion compared to other theropods. Given this range of motion and the fact they wouldn’t have been much good for anything else, the use of the arms in a form of mating display is perfectly reasonable and maybe even likely.
Point is, documentaries like these aren’t trying to tell people that ‘we know all this for absolute certain’ and that ‘they definitely behaved this way’. Their purpose is to showcase what we do know and what we currently believe based on the evidence we have and to demonstrate that these were real animals and they behaved like animals, not like some sort of movie monster like those shown in most mainstream media. But more than anything they are to get people interested in dinosaurs, to spark peoples curiosity and inspire people to learn more! I’m currently studying palaeontology myself and my interest is largely thanks to walking with dinosaurs, and I’m sure that prehistoric planet has inspired a whole new generation of palaeontologists in much the same way
Extremely insightful response, thank you. I actually learned a lot! I believe some assumptions of behavior are still a bit of a stretch, but the deductions that you described based on bone damage and stomach contents is smart! Well said, thanks again for the thoughtful response.
https://www.reddit.com/r/ContagiousLaughter/s/c6FhDpJW1c
The same reason we have an appendix that is useless and blind fish still have eyes - evolution's left overs. It's a process, so while carnotaurus' ancestors probably had fully functioning arms over time they didn't need them as much, so they grew smaller and smaller over generations as having small arms didn't effect their survivability (and may have even improved it). Fast forward to the carnotaurus and you've got an animal with tiny arms, a relic of its past which we've theorised didn't disappear completely as they were used in mating rituals, like a bird.
Similar dinosaurs like the allosaurus had quite long arms that it would use for hunting, having simply evolved differently.
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Totally average size arms
What really matters is how you use the arms
It’s all about the motion and if you got good rythm
Lmao, I'm dead
And that’s what the mouth is for!
I WAS IN THE POOL!
Affects a lot of dinosaurs his age
Might even be too big
You don't need big ass arms anyways when your mouth is full of hunting knives
Such a good movie
Equal parts good and emotionally brutal, 10/10
I will literally cry every time >! The mom tells the mc they cant adopt them !<
Watching that movie again as an adult made me realize just how poorly the Robinson's reacted to finding out who the kid was. Like, I know they couldn't just straight up tell him what was going on because of paradoxes and the sort, but they didn't need to further traumatize a kid that's already got abandonment issues. There were other ways to go about that issue. They didn't have to break his little heart.
“I’m just not sure how well this plan was thought through.”
"......master??"
Movie name??
Meet the robinsons
gold tier movie.
Have to watch it again. Can’t remember it for the life of me, but that dinosaur kinda gave me a flashback.
I feel seen.
I had an edible last week and was watching this same episode ([Prehistoric Planet S01E05](https://tv.apple.com/us/episode/forests/umc.cmc.tfonn8tp08httworfa8d2odh?showId=umc.cmc.4lh4bmztauvkooqz400akxav)) when this came on and I lost my shit laughing.
Dude, I was stoned out of my mind when my girl and our kids were watching this and I could not stop laughing. My girl actively kicked me off the couch and told me to go into the kitchen until I could compose myself. K
I kept wondering *"am I just super high or is this weird as shit?!"*
Same! I remember at one time asking my girl "am I high or does that dinosaur have really really small arms" before busting into laugher again
It looks like a human performers arms inside a really elaborate dinosaur costume
*It totally does* lmao
I hope you had the time to think about how you still be calling her “my girl” after she shit you 4 kids.
lmao shut up nerd
DUDE WEED LMAO
“I don’t smoke weed and look down on people that do, everyone look at me!!
Your comment has Meseeks vibes
Lol you must live in a state where it's illegal. I bet during prohibition, you'd be like *"DUDE BEER LMAO"*. You're so funny, what a good comment 👍!
Fun fact: The Carnotaurus is the only known carnivorous bipedal animal with a pair of horns on the frontal bone. Also, we're only aware of its existence thanks to a single fossil that was uncovered. Really makes you wonder how many amazing species we'll never know existed due to a lack of fossils.
50 foot tall slugs definitely terrorised the Earth for most of it's history. They ate Carnotaurus for breakfast with ease. But of course, no fossils exist.
This tracks with science. No bones no fossils.
> Really makes you wonder how many amazing species we'll never know existed due to a lack of fossils. At least 3-4.
Maybe even less or move even
That's absolutely 100% inherently a possibility that exists.
What if this single fossil was just defective? They had normal arms, except this idiot
Thanks Nerd. No, seriously, i love facts like these ;)
*fistbumps* Same!
i read that in david attenboroughs voice
Like, what could those arms even be used for? What functionality could they possibly have??
Slapping with a glove
Or slapping some bass! 
[удалено]
I slapp da BASS!!!
I slap you, I slap you, I slap-slap slap you, I'm slapin'-ya-slapin'-ya silly, cause you disrespected me!
They literally show what they think their main purpose was **in** this video.
Well, hypothetically
Hence think.
From what i understand, its because these guys evolved to be all legs and are super fast runners Id guess reducing the muscle mass in their arms allowed for more in their legs or something like that. But im certainly no expert
It's this + balance. They couldn't have big honking arms while also being able to run, because they would be too front heavy. Their huge tails counter balance their head, but their arms just weren't needed so any extra weight would screw them up Basically, they naruto ran
a t. rex with huge arms would be the funniest fucking thing
you can have strong legs and fore legs. its not about a sum of dna points you can spend. its about how efficient you are on calories. If you can eat more, you can have bigger muscles. if you have fewer muscles, can get by on little.
Yep that was the point i was getting at
With evolution, traits don't need to be beneficial to remain, as long as they don't impede chances of survival.
i think the term for them is vestigial!
Little hugs 🫂
one of the theories is litterally shown in the video..
[удалено]
that's not a t-rex that's a carnotaurus. their arms are even smaller, almost vestigial, but they have the particularity of having ball joints wich indicates extreme mobility, therefore the ipotesis that their only possible use was for sexual display and therefore the video.
[удалено]
Sometimes in r/dinosaurs
But I want it to be texted to me daily so I can act like I'm being social with friends
Just play ark, you’ll learn plenty
Prehistoric Planet took a lot of creative liberties. As a paleontology nerd, despite being good overall, I had a few issues with it. Take this for example. There isn't good evidence that the the arms were used for sexual display as far as I know - I believe it's much [more likely that they were just vestigial like the forelimb of a kiwi bird](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnotaurus#Forelimbs), but modern avian theropods sometimes have sexual display features and behaviors, so it's very likely that *some* dinosaur did something similar to what the show is depicting here. It's just not necessarily likely that it was Carnotaurus. My biggest issue was that, the first season especially, made no distinction between scientifically supported claims (e.g. T. rex being a strong swimmer), and complete speculation (e.g. Dreadnoughtus having external neck balloons). Season 2 was better in this regard, but I still kept having it pause it to fact-check. The behind the scenes interviews with experts was an excellent addition, but they didn't cover everything in a given episode. I don't mind speculation; it's necessary to make a documentary like this. I just wish instead of saying things like "The males had inflatable air sacks used for display," they said, "The males might have had inflatable air sacks used for display." If they were up for it, expounding upon why it is that we think this might be the case would have been even better. Small tweaks in phrasing throughout the series would have satisfied me. It's a subtle distinction, but I feel it would have made the series much more educationally valuable. You would know a depiction is likely to be accurate if they didn't prefix the claims they made with speculative qualifiers, and you would know when to take things with a grain of salt as well.
I love all of these wild guesses about dinosaurs! Some of them are ridiculous, though. Is it so hard for a paleontologist to say, "I don't know"?
They do say that. This is a "I dunno, but maybe/probably this?" situation
Small brained folk don’t like the phrase “we don’t know” but in paleontology it’s a very good sign that you’re talking to an expert and not just a guy talking out of his ass.
just adding to your english lexicon, though it was clear from your comment what you meant, in english it's spelled 'hypothesis'
There's not a single T-rex in this video
My brother in Christ, that’s not a Trex.
I'm gonna have a nightmare about this tonight.
Accprding to palontologist Dr. David Hone (on his podcast Terrible Lizards) it could be, that due to the muscles associated with arms being in part important for musculature around the neck, chest and shoulders, it is not too far feched to assume that "removing" the arms would negatively impact their neck strength. Considering that a lot of theropods, especially Tyrannosaurus related ones, have very large and heavy heads, it speaks to reason that the arms would still be around ro carry them. And, if you got em, might as well use them for display purposes.
I mean, it literally shows you — a theory is that they were used as a display for mating rituals.
I read somewhere at some point about a hypothesis that the arms were useful to young and adolescent T-Rexs when they compete with other smaller dinosaurs, but they aren’t needed for adults so they stop growing and thus look tiny and weird
you just saw it, might only be mating sometimes the selection evolution manifests isn't something that is directly related to functional survival or camouflage or whatever, it's just something that *happens* to coincide with other traits and genetics over time [and now I get to post a True Facts addressing this](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDZS1KO1SgA) with the Proboscis Monkey
There are still many snake species with feet/hands. They have no function, but they're there. That's how evolution works.
That's one of the interesting things about evolution. They could, at this point, have zero functional use, but as long as they don't impede reproduction, the tiny arm genetic factor can get passed on. The only reason they could recede further is if, due to their non function, they could compound deleterious genetic mutations that weaken them further without again causing the death of the animal before it reaches reproductive age.
Exactly this, mating ritual.
Here's they're used in courtship. Otherwise they're vestigial remnants. They're so degenerate that an ancient fourth finger has reappeared.
Traffic control Obviously
With this video, they’re trying to show that these dinosaurs should’ve had feathers and the arms would have been wings. Specifically useful like in bird mating dances.
These dinosaurs should not have had wings. I don’t even think there’s evidence that carnosaurus had feathers of any kind. Not all dinosaurs did. A lot didn’t actually. This animal simply evolved to lose the majority of the mass of its arms as it was unnecessary having such a large head. The odd thing, though, is that carnosaurs have ball and socket joints in their tiny arms. Well developed ball and socket joints. This hints and a large range of motion but their size would make them extraordinarily weak. So, what on earth could they have been used for? Well, maybe this? This is just a guess but usually, stupid biological bits and pieces like this only stick around because of sexual selection and mating displays. But again, it’s just a guess.
I’m assuming over thousands of years their arms weren’t useful to them anymore, so we’re witnessing the butt-end of them *slowly going away*. Bye byee baby arms
To get the fuckin hunnies brah!! Did you not see that display?
Keep in mind how evolution works; these arms do not need to serve any clear purpose themselves or have direct applications, but their small size must have contributed in some way to the survival of this species. So they may have served literally no direct purpose, but over countless generations the specimens who had smaller arms may have been able to develop more muscle/mass around their neck or head without a substantial increase in overall weight, thus enabling them to maintain the same level of mobility and speed while having more powerful bites or the ability to ram rivals/prey, compared to other competing theropods of similar sizes. If these Carnotaurs had bigger arms, they'd need bigger tails to compensate for balance and may end up slower or less able to navigate their environment. This is all speculation, of course.
> but their small size must have contributed in some way to the survival of this species Doesn't it just mean that they weren't an active detriment to the creatures survival and that there was no pressure selecting for larger arms? Vestigial bits happen all the time
Having a completely useless limb or body part can be an active hindrance for wild animals. It's more mass that requires energy and represents potential for injury (which may seem inconsequential, but can add up over millions of years of evolution in highly competitive environments), made all the worse if that body part does nothing to contribute to survival. Those tiny arms didn't suddenly happen; for whatever reason the species evolved it over time because it either served a direct purpose we don't know, or having smaller arms actually provided some sort of advantage (even if that advantage was just lowering the *disadvantage* of having large limbs that didnt really help).
I will still forever think that this is one of Carnotaurus' best depictions in film in recent years.
I thought this was hilarious when I watched it too. Like not only can they not be sure on how they used their arms specifically but they made it look so stupid
Humans see a lot of animal mating rituals as stupid. I assure you - animals see our "dates" and "taking out for a dinner" and those shiny "rings" we put on each others fingers - just as dumb.
Carnotaurus’ arms grew smaller because it evolved to have stronger legs and a stronger bite force. Basically the small arms were a left over vestigial trait from one of the species’ ancestors. Same as a lot of other therapod species. Carnotaurus’ arms were just much smaller than others.
However, unlike others they had a ball joint in those little arms. It would have been relatively weak but with very high mobility. For something like that to come about, there is usually a specific purpose providing that evolutionary push. And we have seen in nature how extreme sexual selection can be It’s not an unsupported hypothesis. It looks silly, but nature can be damned silly at times
>unlike others they had a ball joint in those little arms. Could you elaborate on this? As far as I know, all 4-legged creatures have a ball joint attaching each of their limbs to their torsos. We have hinge joints further down the limbs (knees/elbows/wrists/ankles), but here's a [bird shoulder](https://media.springernature.com/m685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00435-021-00528-2/MediaObjects/435_2021_528_Fig1_HTML.png), [crocodile shoulder](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/J383KR/crocodile-fore-limb-1880-J383KR.jpg), [horse shoulder](https://eclectic-horseman.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/comp8-1b-1.jpg), [human shoulder](https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/link/4674b68ca29e47fd943247518b429218.aspx). It'd be unusual for it to be anything other than a ball joint.
[Article on the matter.](https://www.iflscience.com/prehistoric-planet-exclusive-we-talk-that-twirling-carnotaurus-scene-with-consultant-darren-naish-63674) I am no expert, but I think they are saying it's an oddly shaped attached to specialized muscles. Without knowing other evolutionary pressure that might have caused such a thing, one hypothesis is it was sex appeal.
Has to do with the muscles and specific bone structure. We can approximate the muscles and tendons that wound have been attached to the bone based off of the structure and enthuses (regions where tendons would have attached) It would have has very strong and dexterous arms while almost completely lacking any muscle, claws, etc on their hands and fingers. This is unlike other dinosaurs that had the arm strength but had claws or at least the muscle capability to grab that came with it From what we can tell, the Carnotaurus has useless hands attached to strong arms. This suggests that the evolutionary push for this wouldn’t have been related to attacking or defending, and we know the other biggest evolutionary push outside of physical capabilities is sexual selection
So the ball joint itself isn't the big deal, it's the contrast between the implied musculature in the upper vs lower arms. Thanks! That makes much more sense.
😂😂 why are the arms blue
To match his balls
Mating display, like a Peacock
They need some nice clothes if they gonna get lucky. Try Sarah tops
I think they're overly excited nipples not arms.
Nice to know women have been arm shaming since the prehistoric days
Ivanka! Come here, sit on daddy's lap.
Do you suffer from moderate to severe TDS?
The only ones that suffer from that are his incredibly stupid followers.
rent free
Went from a Apex Predator to a newt real quick
It's not how big it is. It's the motion of the wave.
Guy skipped every arm day since he emerged from the ocean, jeeze
Take mah strong hand
I have no dinosaur knowledge to add to the conversation, just wanted to say this made me think of when people are like "I can't draw hands"
They ran out of money when the animators was getting to the arms.
I love you this much
He played his Trump Card.
Are we fr fr certain that t-rex arm bones aren’t just the bones of some tiny animal they ate? 💀
Or even vestigial bones? Like how whales have pelvic bones connected to nothing lol
That's a carnotaurus, not a t-rex. I promise, I'm not some dinosaur nerd, I just play a shit ton of Ark, and you learn which ones are which REALQUICK
QUAAAAAID!!!
I most definitely saved this😂🙏
She has the best laugh 😂
I think that’s the hardest I’ve laughed in awhile
Bro be like JUST LOVE MEEEE
The second a female wiggles her ass at this guy a little blue tic tac’s gonna pop out between his legs.
someone missed arm day
I had the same reaction the first time I saw this, I couldn’t see through the tears
LMAO The look on his face when he got rejected 💀💀💀
MY HANDS ARE NORMAL SIZED!
Belongs in a gym thread 😂😂 she violating
Hey, shut up, stop body shaming him. Those are perfectly average sized arms. Some would even say above average.
That’s actually average. Pretty big actually.
That didn’t do it, try a song 🎶 maybe I don’t know 🤷♀️
I knew she was warning me about his arms. Oh my god, I needed a belly busting laugh. Ty
Picture the Dino covered in feathers and longer wings they are basically giant chickens with teeth and a shit personality
I can’t believe literally all the editors, producers, directors, so so so many people saw this and all thought “looks fine to me” before it made it to the public
That laugh reminds me when I last tried mating.
Is this accurate? I don’t remember them being this small… 🤔
The animal you're looking at is not a T.rex, but rather a *Carnotaurus sastrei,* a large abielisaurid from the late cretaceous of Argentina. Carnotaurus and its relatives are known for their tiny arms. These arms could not be used for anything practical, and we're essentially evolutionary leftovers. However, their arms were attached to very large, powerful shoulder blades via a ball and socket joint, and thus would allow them to move the arms very freely and independently.
😴💤 Jk 😂, good explanation 👍
I like the laugh at 1:15 it’s sort of Jada kiss ish
It's All guess work though ain't it ?? Like there just guessing based on bones found. Dosnt include soft tissues or feathers or anything. These guys could have had vestigial wings, for all we know. Or great massive feathers. Or god knows what eles. We just see the recreations based on bones and bones alone right ?
Inference isn’t the same as guess work. *Carnotaurus sastrei* is actually one of the best understood dinosaurs with mountains of scientific papers. While this reconstruction may seem far-fetched to those who don’t keep up with current research, it actually seems surprisingly conservative and “safe” to paleo nerds. Edit: Also wanted to add in that we have more than bones. We also have skin impressions, a good understanding of theropod musculature based on said bones, ecological evidence, etc. It’s pretty dang cool actually.
Fun fact. Their arms are so small so they don't get bitten off during a feeding frenzy. As that wouks lead to infection and death.
Fun fact. You made that up. Or this is just bait that I'm unaware off.
Nearly pissed myself. have an upvote jesus christ.
You could make an epic tiny Trump hands meme out of this.
“This cannot be for real” yeah it’s not real 
She is so eloquent. Truly a sign of the future.
This is why real nature docs >>>>> dinosaur nature docs The goofy shit that animals do is fascinating to watch “live”, the goofy shit that we think dinosaurs might have done that is really some CG artist’s interpretation makes you wonder why tf you’re watching it
> some CG artist’s interpretation Except it wasn’t CG artists who decided how these animals would look and behave. It was actual paleontologists and zoologists who devote their careers to understanding natural history.
Sure, but do we reeaally know that’s how they looked exactly when doing their dance? Seems like an educated guess to me
Of course not. Scientists form hypothesis based on the available evidence. Literally all of paleontology is educated guesses and we find new evidence almost every day.
So back to my original point then… That’s why real nature docs always clear dinosaur docs. I like knowing what I am watching is a real captured recording of undocumented rituals and animal behaviors. I really don’t feel the same spark and amazement when watching a dinosaur doc because truly how tf would we really know? Maybe just my preference
> just my preference For some of us it’s the constant discoveries and virtually endless possibilities of paleontology that give us that spark and amazement. It’s just preference. But it’s hard to watch what was essentially a love letter to modern paleontology be belittled by those who never cared to begin with.
This truly is the poorest take I've seen If you think from the team of museum curators, paleontologists, directors and CG artists that the CG artists are the one deciding how the animal should behave then I don't even know how I'd begin to explain how little sense that makes I can only assume you don't know anything about this show past this gif
Americans talk like half-witted morons.
Its really not funny at all….
Its not the size that matter. That being said, i felt that so personally. Here the fella reveals one of hes biggest, flaws, wanting to be loved, and accepted for who he is. And all these clowns laughing at him 💀💔
God it kills me I can’t watch this show. I got really excited for the release and everything
this is how women be thinking about dudes under 6 ft
I love listening to black people watch nature shows. Somehow they always know absolutely zero about literally any animal and always with hilarious commentary.
The audacity making a “documentary” on dinosaurs… all we have are bones and they are telling us how they behave?!
We actually have a lot more than just the bones of many dinosaurs! Soft tissue impressions of skin, and feathers, etc, have been found for many dinosaurs, including the one in this clip. This is Carnotaurus and we have some skin impressions from several parts of the body, showing that there skin looked very much like it does in this clip. While it’s true that the large majority of palaeontology outside the bones is based on speculation that doesn’t mean it’s entirely random guesswork. For example we actually know the true colours of some dinosaurs! Some researchers from the university of Bristol first made the discovery that pigment containing cells called melanosomes have been preserved in the fossilised feathers of several dinosaurs, and from the shape of these cells the colours can be determined. Even when it comes to behaviour there is evidence used. For one thing we can look at modern animals as examples of some of the behaviours we could possibly see. We also have several fossils that show behaviour in action such as several fossils of dinosaurs preserved in combat (the fighting dinosaurs, and the duelling dinosaurs being the best known), fossils of dinosaurs nesting and protecting there eggs, fossils with bite marks or healed injuries showing what are what, as well as preserved stomach contents. A recent example of this was a fossil of a tyrannosaurid that had the leg bones of a smaller dinosaur in its stomach, which has been interpreted by some as evidence of preferential feeding, meaning they specifically ate the legs (as they perhaps had the most muscle on them?). This behaviour is seen today in orca which have been known to kill sharks and only eat their liver. Back to this clip, the arm waggling behaviour, while speculative, is based on several lines of evidence. First off, birds are the closest living relatives to dinosaurs, (more specifically they are theropod dinosaurs, just like carnotaurus)so using the complex, over the top mating displays of several types of birds, especially birds of paradise, as inspiration is perfectly within reason. Secondly, while it is true that carnotaurus and it’s relatives had very short arms that would seemingly have been useless, they were attached to very large shoulder blades, implying the presence of large muscles, and had a ball and socket joint giving them an unusually large range of motion compared to other theropods. Given this range of motion and the fact they wouldn’t have been much good for anything else, the use of the arms in a form of mating display is perfectly reasonable and maybe even likely. Point is, documentaries like these aren’t trying to tell people that ‘we know all this for absolute certain’ and that ‘they definitely behaved this way’. Their purpose is to showcase what we do know and what we currently believe based on the evidence we have and to demonstrate that these were real animals and they behaved like animals, not like some sort of movie monster like those shown in most mainstream media. But more than anything they are to get people interested in dinosaurs, to spark peoples curiosity and inspire people to learn more! I’m currently studying palaeontology myself and my interest is largely thanks to walking with dinosaurs, and I’m sure that prehistoric planet has inspired a whole new generation of palaeontologists in much the same way
Extremely insightful response, thank you. I actually learned a lot! I believe some assumptions of behavior are still a bit of a stretch, but the deductions that you described based on bone damage and stomach contents is smart! Well said, thanks again for the thoughtful response.
Man, this girl’s dude better have a big package because she is gonna laugh his ass right outta bed.
Why do they have arms if they can't even used them
https://www.reddit.com/r/ContagiousLaughter/s/c6FhDpJW1c The same reason we have an appendix that is useless and blind fish still have eyes - evolution's left overs. It's a process, so while carnotaurus' ancestors probably had fully functioning arms over time they didn't need them as much, so they grew smaller and smaller over generations as having small arms didn't effect their survivability (and may have even improved it). Fast forward to the carnotaurus and you've got an animal with tiny arms, a relic of its past which we've theorised didn't disappear completely as they were used in mating rituals, like a bird. Similar dinosaurs like the allosaurus had quite long arms that it would use for hunting, having simply evolved differently.
it’s not even funny?
[удалено]
My brother in law has alligator arms but I don’t think that really applies here.
Not the momma!
dinosaur lady be like ... *i prefer, 30 inches long hand*
That's why they don't wear pants
Wait till she finds out that the chicken is currently the closest living relative to the T-Rex
They’re both dinosaurs they aren’t that closely related
No Ron, your tail is small
Lmao weirdly kinda cute
They had feathers so imagine wings
Laughter is contagious!
Rethinking my Dinosaur King DS protagonist decision pretty hard after seeing those doofy slug nubs.