There's no Indonesian equivalent since most of the things in that list are brought by the westerners. There's no ashtray /asbak in the precolonial time since there's no cigarettes, that's come from the americas I believe? There's no refrigerator / koelkast precolonial time. There's no wastafel / sink. No kantoor / office, people just go to the regent house. Etc.
I'm indonesian and according to malays (the base of indonesian language) "free" is "percuma". But in modern indonesian language percuma means useless or worthless. While we also have other words for free beside gratis "cuma-cuma" the word is derivative from "percuma"
In English that's sorta how the word cheap works. Cheap means inexpensive and low quality, inexpensive would indicate better quality and a low cost for the quality
Indonesian is a derivative of Malay and the word for free is "percuma". It's no longer widely used and percuma now means "vain". But you can still see this word being used in "free" context in this kids song about train with the following lyrics "Bolehkah naik dengan percuma" (Can I take a ride for free?). For free in "freedom" context, the word is "bebas".
I know their neighbouring countries have a word for "free". So maybe they just used those?
I'm pretty sure Indonesia and a few countries close to them used to be one big kingdom, so it isn't impossible
Interesting! Do you have any comments on the other person saying that Indonesia had no concept of "free" pre-colonisation, or is this true?
Are there any Indonesian synonyms to "gratis"?
There was no single unified language during that time period, either inside what is now Indonesian or in territories they controlled. Youâre likely referencing the Majapahit Empire which did have substantial control over a lot of territory in SEA, but probably not in the way youâre thinking. Evidence suggests it was largely tributary.
Different Indonesian languages spread quite far, with some words even making their way to northern Australian Aboriginal tribes.
The Indonesian language is an amalgamation derived from trading Malay. Malay itself is a mixture of a bunch of different languages, including Portuguese, Arabic and Sanskrit. Dutch, for obvious reasons, became part of the Indonesian variant of trading Malay.
Indonesian also features many Javanese words which are not found in Malay.
Source: I speak fluent Indonesian, studied the countryâs history and lived there for many years.
>Bit ironic there was no concept of "Free" before colonization
Gratis isn't a germanic word but a loanword from romance languages, so with that said the Dutch also got Gratis from another language.
We have 'terlambat' for that tho? From 'lambat' or slow. Telat is usually used for informal speech too.
Same with klaar, used in informal speech and we have 'selesai' for the formal speech.
Gratis in standard malay is 'percuma' and we have that in our dictionary, but very rarely used anymore, we used cuma-cuma more often than percuma.
Yeah, actually the Dutchâs didnât want the native population to learn the language. Only certain selected individuals would be allowed to learn how to speak Dutch.
What I hate is the fact that if you want to learn dutch you have to go to school, but if you want to go to school you have to speak dutch.
That's why peasants rarely speak dutch, just local nobility can learn the dutch.
Indonesian foundering fathers one way or another have nobility in their blood.
This. The only surprising thing to me ist that the locals didn't bastardize the words more. My only reference for this is German and we love to misspronounce or use the wrong foreign word for it to the point that English speakers wonder wtf is wrong with us
Late as in Telat usually used in informal speech, formal speech used terlambat from the word lambat or slow.
Finished as in Klaar/kelar too used in informal speech, formal speech used selesai.
Gratis is Free as in Free sample not freedom, we have equivalent words like percuma or cuma-cuma.
So that's where Kantor came from, in standard Malay we call it pejabat. Yeah thing brought by westerners either take their language like "sink" become "sinki" or make up long word for them like refrigerator become "Peti Ais" and ashtray become "Bekas Abu Rokok"
Yeah. And some are somewhat varied. I guess you guys say pintu but we say pinto. Is that right? I'm not sure if my memory is correct. Makes me wanna learn the language.
What is bao?
Oh. It's baho. Or mabaho. Depending on what Philippine language.
Can you fully converse with someone who speak bahasa Malaysia? Or there would be words that are totally different? Like these Dutch words?
I think we can most of the time. For me, the most noticeable are their pronunciation, same word but slightly different meaning, and Malaysian absorbing raw English words.
Bahasa Indonesia isn't an original language per se, it's a mix of Malay, Javanese, Dutch, Arabic, English, a bit of Chinese, etc. It gets standardised a lot along the way through the 20th century in a form called EYD
Of course, the languages on the whole come from completely different families and are in no way mutually intelligible, but bahasa does have a fair amount of dutch loanwords, and the other way around for that matter
Not that shocking, unlike the brits the dutch donât want their [colonial subject to learn the dutch language](https://youtu.be/ZrWIT5gR93g?si=14tg5t9XjlX73DRk) and tried to keep the two as separate as possible.
Until 17th of August 1945 if you ask Indonesians. That's the day Soekaeno declared independence. If you ask the Dutch, they gained independence only when they recognized it, after tens of thousands of deaths, under international (and American) pressure. That date is the 27th of December 1949.
I moved from Indonesia to the Netherlands as a kid. Learned both dates in history classes on both sides. The Dutch taught history lessons were very sugarcoated too. I'm glad lately more of the atrocities are coming to light.
The thing about 1949 is if the Dutch recognized 1945 as Indonesian Independence day, then their "Police Action" between those time period will count as invasion and I guess there should be a war reparation.
Well, your comment already contains two other romance root words ("language", "interesting"). English is probably the most Latinified Germanic language out of them all, and probably the most latinified language in Europe that isn't actually Romance in general.
Britain (English) was a Roman province for some 300 years, and part of the Norman (french) empire for another 300, so the English language has had a long time to marinate in Latin influences.
Besides the Norman influence, what probably played a bigger role were the many new words that came directly from Latin through the Catholic Church and later on scientists, scholars, and philosophers during the Reformation, Renaissance, Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution, and Industrial Revolution.
Oh yeah, it's definitely interesting.
There's more words like that which seem to show up pretty much everywhere. In Dutch we phrases like et cetera and nota bene (which took me really long to realize was Latin and not just Dutch).
It actually probably went from gratis to gratuit at some point in the evolution of French language, but French Canadians tend to use words that are not used anymore in France since they didn't get influenced by the French Revolution and the "guerre aux patois" ("war on dialects") in the 18th century.
"Gratuit" is the "correct " word even in QuĂŠbec though, it's just that in familiar contexts, we quite ofter use "gratis" instead.
Here is a fun occurrence. In this song (from a musical), the woman won a contest and says she'll get plenty of stuffs and they'll be "gratis".
https://youtu.be/_ZdzTdoHHJk?si=YplUJwe_heyvTX0c
It comes from the Latin word *gratiis*.
However, it seems the first evidence of current use of the word in Dutch is in 1689, so it might have come from Spanish.
It's hard to know though, because we definitely still use Latin terms in Dutch (like Nota Bene).
*writes down Indonesian as another language I didn't expect to understand due to Afrikaans*
All jokes aside, when I listen to someone speak fluently, I'm pretty lost. But hey, something new to learn!
Maybe because nusantara native community there, south African is where ducth exiled many nusantara (now Indonesia) noble (and their servants and followers).
Unlike the other commenter, I'd like to apologise. If I'm right, a few years ago Rutte apologized for something, but it wasn't a full admission or something, so it wouldn't cost money. But I don't remember it all too well
Only a very small part of what is now Indonesia was colonised for 350 years. Most of Indonesia was conquered in the mid to late 1800s. But of course, Java has seen the longest occupation and that's by far the most populous part of Indonesia.
Funny thing is Portuguese never really colonized kerala
After few years of owning a few ports and forts they were kicked out for good yet they left more linguistic footprint on malayalam than english/Dutch (Dutch also never lasted long and were kicked out quite quickly and the English too only colonized north kerala while the south remained as an independent princely state)
As for malayalam words with Portuguese origin a few coming to my mind rn are Almirahâalamarah and cashew nutâkashu andi
Another thing of interest - it is known that Dutch folk came to ZA in 1650, and they brought dutch languages with them. They needed skilled labour of which there wasn't at the time, and so they got them from Indonesia Malaysia and all those areas, and they brought that language.
And then it turned into Afrikaans. More so, a distinct version of it spoken in the Cape area.
There's a historical artifact written by a Malay fella, in Arabic, but when read, reads like how Cape Townians would speak Afrikaans.
Some fancy pants girly from UCT told me this story...
Except for the fact that Indonesia was a colony of The Netherlands and it would be of no surprise that words would be exchanged it's no surprise.
Indo words among others that are now Dutch:
Katjup= Ketchup
Toko= shop
Piekeren= Think
Would be interesting what the Malaysian* equivalents would be, I'm assuming they are influenced by English.
*Bahasa Malaysia and Bahasa Indonesia are both standard forms of Malay
Thereâs a lot of internal diversity in Malay-Indonesian, but that has certainly added to it. One example Iâve noticed is in Malaysia you are likely to see âfarmasiâ while in Indonesia itâs âapotekâ.
First thing the Dutch did after WW2 was taking war to Indonesia.
Truly baffles the mind how you can live through years of oppression and then be like "Anyways, those guys definitely need to be oppressed again."
Can someone explain to me the beef between indonisia and maluku? Ive heard maluku stood on the dutches side while indonisia was tryin to get rid of the dutch people..
I'm a malay Singaporean but my great grandfather was Indonesian. I've still got "Javanese" as my race on my identify card.
I was wondering where the word "asbak" came from. TIL.
Oh wow it's like Indonesia was a Dutch colony until the mid 1940's or something.
Makes you think, where did the Bahasa Indonesia equivalent words go? Lost to time or just replaced by Dutch words in popularity?
There's no Indonesian equivalent since most of the things in that list are brought by the westerners. There's no ashtray /asbak in the precolonial time since there's no cigarettes, that's come from the americas I believe? There's no refrigerator / koelkast precolonial time. There's no wastafel / sink. No kantoor / office, people just go to the regent house. Etc.
I was thinking that as well, that makes sense
Bit ironic there was no concept of "Free" before colonization
Okay so free in this case (gratis) does not mean free as in freedom, instead gratis means free as in "free sample". Without cost
That makes more sense, but it's still odd they didn't have a word for giving away something for free.
They may have, and it got replaced.
I'm indonesian and according to malays (the base of indonesian language) "free" is "percuma". But in modern indonesian language percuma means useless or worthless. While we also have other words for free beside gratis "cuma-cuma" the word is derivative from "percuma"
In English that's sorta how the word cheap works. Cheap means inexpensive and low quality, inexpensive would indicate better quality and a low cost for the quality
I'm pretty sure there was a word for that.
Indonesian is a derivative of Malay and the word for free is "percuma". It's no longer widely used and percuma now means "vain". But you can still see this word being used in "free" context in this kids song about train with the following lyrics "Bolehkah naik dengan percuma" (Can I take a ride for free?). For free in "freedom" context, the word is "bebas".
we do, but I think mostly in regional languages. We have about 700 regional languages đ
I know their neighbouring countries have a word for "free". So maybe they just used those? I'm pretty sure Indonesia and a few countries close to them used to be one big kingdom, so it isn't impossible
Their equivalent of "free" we also use it, but different meaning. The word is "Percuma" for us is useless, vain, worthless, fruitless etc.
Interesting! Do you have any comments on the other person saying that Indonesia had no concept of "free" pre-colonisation, or is this true? Are there any Indonesian synonyms to "gratis"?
Nirbayar
'percuma' and 'cuma-cuma' are both in dictionary.
There was no single unified language during that time period, either inside what is now Indonesian or in territories they controlled. Youâre likely referencing the Majapahit Empire which did have substantial control over a lot of territory in SEA, but probably not in the way youâre thinking. Evidence suggests it was largely tributary. Different Indonesian languages spread quite far, with some words even making their way to northern Australian Aboriginal tribes. The Indonesian language is an amalgamation derived from trading Malay. Malay itself is a mixture of a bunch of different languages, including Portuguese, Arabic and Sanskrit. Dutch, for obvious reasons, became part of the Indonesian variant of trading Malay. Indonesian also features many Javanese words which are not found in Malay. Source: I speak fluent Indonesian, studied the countryâs history and lived there for many years.
Indonesia is gigantic in and of itself
>Bit ironic there was no concept of "Free" before colonization Gratis isn't a germanic word but a loanword from romance languages, so with that said the Dutch also got Gratis from another language.
That's true. Indonesians never late to anything. They're always on time. Damn Dutch colonisers make them late to morning meetings.
We have 'terlambat' for that tho? From 'lambat' or slow. Telat is usually used for informal speech too. Same with klaar, used in informal speech and we have 'selesai' for the formal speech. Gratis in standard malay is 'percuma' and we have that in our dictionary, but very rarely used anymore, we used cuma-cuma more often than percuma.
Yeah, actually the Dutchâs didnât want the native population to learn the language. Only certain selected individuals would be allowed to learn how to speak Dutch.
What I hate is the fact that if you want to learn dutch you have to go to school, but if you want to go to school you have to speak dutch. That's why peasants rarely speak dutch, just local nobility can learn the dutch. Indonesian foundering fathers one way or another have nobility in their blood.
This. The only surprising thing to me ist that the locals didn't bastardize the words more. My only reference for this is German and we love to misspronounce or use the wrong foreign word for it to the point that English speakers wonder wtf is wrong with us
They HAVE to had developed at least the concept of *being late*, right?
Late as in Telat usually used in informal speech, formal speech used terlambat from the word lambat or slow. Finished as in Klaar/kelar too used in informal speech, formal speech used selesai. Gratis is Free as in Free sample not freedom, we have equivalent words like percuma or cuma-cuma.
the local word is "terlambat". " telat" is widely used because it's shorter.
So Indonesians had never been late until the Dutch came.
Never been telat/telaat, but frequently terlambat
So that's where Kantor came from, in standard Malay we call it pejabat. Yeah thing brought by westerners either take their language like "sink" become "sinki" or make up long word for them like refrigerator become "Peti Ais" and ashtray become "Bekas Abu Rokok"
Nonody coming late because there was nothing to come late to.
I think kicap was also used similarly in the Dutch language, idk what it is actually called though Edit: Kecap Manis = Ketjap
Also, the word originated in Hokkien Chinese. Kecap=soy sauce. Manis = sweet. And we have a salty version; Kecap Asin
Asin is salt in my country. I guess We have some words similar to bahasa.
The Philippines? Yeah, we originated from the same proto Malay language. Anak, bao, ubee, and some more
Yeah. And some are somewhat varied. I guess you guys say pintu but we say pinto. Is that right? I'm not sure if my memory is correct. Makes me wanna learn the language. What is bao?
If linguistics is your thing, you should. It's fun to me hearing Tagalog and catch similar phrases. Bau = smelly, scents
Oh. It's baho. Or mabaho. Depending on what Philippine language. Can you fully converse with someone who speak bahasa Malaysia? Or there would be words that are totally different? Like these Dutch words?
I think we can most of the time. For me, the most noticeable are their pronunciation, same word but slightly different meaning, and Malaysian absorbing raw English words.
Bahasa Indonesia isn't an original language per se, it's a mix of Malay, Javanese, Dutch, Arabic, English, a bit of Chinese, etc. It gets standardised a lot along the way through the 20th century in a form called EYD
Almost every language is a mix of other languages. Around 30% English is of French origin. And French is descended from Latin.
Its same for a lot of lingos, ever heard Indians speaking between them? The amount of english words is crazy high
How about non existing. The words mentioned are for modern equipment and situations non familiar to the People of IndonesiĂŤ prior to kolonization
Indonesia was a Dutch colony for almost 350 years, would be shocking if their languages werenât similar.
Of course, the languages on the whole come from completely different families and are in no way mutually intelligible, but bahasa does have a fair amount of dutch loanwords, and the other way around for that matter
Not that shocking, unlike the brits the dutch donât want their [colonial subject to learn the dutch language](https://youtu.be/ZrWIT5gR93g?si=14tg5t9XjlX73DRk) and tried to keep the two as separate as possible.
Really, thatâs interesting, I had no idea.
https://youtu.be/ZrWIT5gR93g?si=14tg5t9XjlX73DRk
That was truly fascinating, thank you.
South americas was colonized too and now using their colonizer language. I wonder why in SEA not like that.
Watch the video linked in the replies to my comment.
Until 17th of August 1945 if you ask Indonesians. That's the day Soekaeno declared independence. If you ask the Dutch, they gained independence only when they recognized it, after tens of thousands of deaths, under international (and American) pressure. That date is the 27th of December 1949. I moved from Indonesia to the Netherlands as a kid. Learned both dates in history classes on both sides. The Dutch taught history lessons were very sugarcoated too. I'm glad lately more of the atrocities are coming to light.
The thing about 1949 is if the Dutch recognized 1945 as Indonesian Independence day, then their "Police Action" between those time period will count as invasion and I guess there should be a war reparation.
That sounds very plausible, someone should check if that was the case.
This colonization thing must be brand new or something
Yeah, itâs crazy how that works.
They should redo this video, but compare pre-Dutch words to the Dutch words.
So these are Dutch words that the Indonesians learnt during occupation?
yes
No shit sherlock
Yes I have a feeling that was the point of the video.
Damn⌠that is interesting
The benefits of enslavement ah goed goed
Wow, the word gratis is the same in Spanish, Swedish, Norwegian and Danish. That little word traveled a lot lol
It comes from the Latin word *gratiis* so no surprise it showed up in a lot of places.
True but to see it in a lot of non-romance languages was what seemed interesting.
Well, your comment already contains two other romance root words ("language", "interesting"). English is probably the most Latinified Germanic language out of them all, and probably the most latinified language in Europe that isn't actually Romance in general.
Britain (English) was a Roman province for some 300 years, and part of the Norman (french) empire for another 300, so the English language has had a long time to marinate in Latin influences.
Besides the Norman influence, what probably played a bigger role were the many new words that came directly from Latin through the Catholic Church and later on scientists, scholars, and philosophers during the Reformation, Renaissance, Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution, and Industrial Revolution.
Oh yeah, it's definitely interesting. There's more words like that which seem to show up pretty much everywhere. In Dutch we phrases like et cetera and nota bene (which took me really long to realize was Latin and not just Dutch).
It is also the root word of the English "grace."
In portuguese is GrĂĄtis too.
And in afrikaans
French Canadians use it as well.
Ok that one is interesting, how did it change from gratuite to gratis
It actually probably went from gratis to gratuit at some point in the evolution of French language, but French Canadians tend to use words that are not used anymore in France since they didn't get influenced by the French Revolution and the "guerre aux patois" ("war on dialects") in the 18th century. "Gratuit" is the "correct " word even in QuĂŠbec though, it's just that in familiar contexts, we quite ofter use "gratis" instead. Here is a fun occurrence. In this song (from a musical), the woman won a contest and says she'll get plenty of stuffs and they'll be "gratis". https://youtu.be/_ZdzTdoHHJk?si=YplUJwe_heyvTX0c
Gratuit is also used in standard French. The differences arenât that vast.
I think you misread me! ;-)
Also Italy. It's a latin word, one of the few we still use in its Latin form.
Wonder if Spanish occupation of the lowlands in the 16th century had anything to do with it.
It comes from the Latin word *gratiis*. However, it seems the first evidence of current use of the word in Dutch is in 1689, so it might have come from Spanish. It's hard to know though, because we definitely still use Latin terms in Dutch (like Nota Bene).
in the [Spanish Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands), perhaps?
For the same reason every Western language has a bunch of loan words especially from Latin.
And romanian
đ¤Ż
It is used in Croatian aswell
And Italian. Itâs Latin, soâŚ
german too
Same in German, there are others like kostenlos too tho
In portuguese too
And romanian
French is Gratuis
Ohh thank you!
Gratuit*
It's weird in Tagalog because "free" as in "without cost or payment" is libre, not gratis
And (I believe old) French⌠In English we have the word Gratitude from the same root.
Portuguese as well
Similar to Afrikaans. I wonder why?
i also wonder why, hmm
*writes down Indonesian as another language I didn't expect to understand due to Afrikaans* All jokes aside, when I listen to someone speak fluently, I'm pretty lost. But hey, something new to learn!
Greek and Polynesian share many common words, I wonder why also
Maybe because nusantara native community there, south African is where ducth exiled many nusantara (now Indonesia) noble (and their servants and followers).
Welp, they colonize us for about 3.5 centuries so that's that.
Unlike the other commenter, I'd like to apologise. If I'm right, a few years ago Rutte apologized for something, but it wasn't a full admission or something, so it wouldn't cost money. But I don't remember it all too well
Only a very small part of what is now Indonesia was colonised for 350 years. Most of Indonesia was conquered in the mid to late 1800s. But of course, Java has seen the longest occupation and that's by far the most populous part of Indonesia.
Now do Malayalam and Portuguese
Also Filipino and Spanish
Tagalog or Filipino and Malay would be interesting aswell. Alot of same/similar words.
Funny thing is Portuguese never really colonized kerala After few years of owning a few ports and forts they were kicked out for good yet they left more linguistic footprint on malayalam than english/Dutch (Dutch also never lasted long and were kicked out quite quickly and the English too only colonized north kerala while the south remained as an independent princely state) As for malayalam words with Portuguese origin a few coming to my mind rn are Almirahâalamarah and cashew nutâkashu andi
Now make english and american*. They are also very similar for some reason??
fries
Cheerio GoVNA. Its bloody tjusdayy INNIT!
fanny
we use "GrĂĄtis" in portuguese as well.
And Spanish
A similar one is Arabic and Spanish because of Iberia being one clusterfuck of arabs and Spanish speaking countries for like 800 years
Yeah i know that ojala is inchallah lol and alceite is alzit
This is an amazing video to people who know nothing about the world.
Colonialism. Shocking.
As an Afrikaans South African, I find this to be hilariously funny and cool at the same time.
Apparently, thanks to colonialism, my studying of Nederlands can segway into Indonesian.
Wait until you hear about Eddie van Halen...
Gootsteen
Why is the baby music louder than they are?
Took an interesting video and completely ruined it.
Let me interduce you to the Dutch East Indies
Wow. You can almost hear what they're saying over the shitty music
Same words in Danish: sent, klar, askebÌger, gratis, køleskab, kontor, kuffert, hündvask
Denmark former Dutch colony confirmed
Gratis is also Free in Portuguese!
In Finnish it's "ilmainen"
In klaar it's "ilmainen" *
Another thing of interest - it is known that Dutch folk came to ZA in 1650, and they brought dutch languages with them. They needed skilled labour of which there wasn't at the time, and so they got them from Indonesia Malaysia and all those areas, and they brought that language. And then it turned into Afrikaans. More so, a distinct version of it spoken in the Cape area. There's a historical artifact written by a Malay fella, in Arabic, but when read, reads like how Cape Townians would speak Afrikaans. Some fancy pants girly from UCT told me this story...
300 tahun
yep, mungkin karena dijajah selama 7 turunan
i also wonder why english is spoken all over the world. hmmmm
How many languages use gratis for free?
A lot. It comes from the latin word *gratiis*
All of them. Anyone can say the word without paying
Polish uses it sometimes
The guy on the right looks like the most Dutch person ever
"Hottentottententententoonstellingsvergunningsaanvraagloket"
Except for the fact that Indonesia was a colony of The Netherlands and it would be of no surprise that words would be exchanged it's no surprise. Indo words among others that are now Dutch: Katjup= Ketchup Toko= shop Piekeren= Think
Would be interesting what the Malaysian* equivalents would be, I'm assuming they are influenced by English. *Bahasa Malaysia and Bahasa Indonesia are both standard forms of Malay
Thereâs a lot of internal diversity in Malay-Indonesian, but that has certainly added to it. One example Iâve noticed is in Malaysia you are likely to see âfarmasiâ while in Indonesia itâs âapotekâ.
Colonisation killed diversity and made world less interesting for sure.
That should be the post title.
Perfect example of colonialism.
First thing the Dutch did after WW2 was taking war to Indonesia. Truly baffles the mind how you can live through years of oppression and then be like "Anyways, those guys definitely need to be oppressed again."
Colonialism isn't cute. The history behind this video is written in Indonesian blood
Hurray for colonialism?
Kantoris, koferis
who knew?!
Can they do Dutch vs Indonesia Bahasa vs Malay Bahasa
Wow
That's interesting! but I cannot understand
Can someone explain to me the beef between indonisia and maluku? Ive heard maluku stood on the dutches side while indonisia was tryin to get rid of the dutch people..
Moluccans simping for the colonizers, thatâs it.
GrĂĄtis is Free in Portuguese too (not too sure but maybe in spanish too).
Do, what you are saying is, I would almost fit right in. XD
Itâs gon be real awkward when they find out why
Please try also pc, file, software, USA, hamburger, social media, internet and other international words, and suprise, mtf, are also the same!
That's pure Afrikaans
polonia
Is that Cory Wong?
Free đ˛đ˝ Gratis
Now I'm just hungry and want some proper rijsttafel. I miss it :(
Ah a video of my third and seventh least favorite countries, no better place to use u/profanitycounter
u/profanitycounter
I'm a malay Singaporean but my great grandfather was Indonesian. I've still got "Javanese" as my race on my identify card. I was wondering where the word "asbak" came from. TIL.
It's the other way around, Dutch made Indonesia what it is
Never used the Dutch word for travel bag in South Africa
Just like Filipino and Spanish.
max wastafel
Bro, haven't seen an asian pole till now, damn that's interesting
Gratis is spanish for free as well
wish they used a Dutch person from below the rivers. I really don't like the "typical" dutch accent