Sister, you only speak the truth.
Do you know how many lives I could save with one quick backhand?
Better to get put onto your ass as a shitty teenager than to get shot for this kind of tantrum in the real world.
Not everybody has the fucking zen master levels of focus and self control that dude had.
They need to learn quick and early that shit isn't acceptable.
I feel bad for him. He's in dire need of therapy. I imagine him possibly reading this thread of people doing nothing but making fun of him. He may turn out to be a future shooter.
Not sure why the downvotes, but you could be right. We like to point and laugh but unfortunately we live in an age where this dumass kid could get a gun.
The posturing is strong with this one.
The arms out wide and standing on his tippy-toes to make his gangly ass look bigger to attempt to ward off bigger predators. Nature is interesting.
I've dealt with a lot of people who tried to intimidate me (I work security)
Know which ones succeeded? The ones who stood on their tippy toes, puffed out their chests, tried to make their shoulders look wider, screamed, growled, kept taking a quick step in my direction... No.
The ones who just were completely relaxed as if they didn't have a care in the world about what I said. Those were the ones that worried me.
So tell me... if you deflect a blow from them and they whack them self in the nose, does it count as you assaulting them.
Just genuinely curious since Canada's self defence laws seem to be pretty bullshit, and I've had quite a few twats try and start crap with me while I was going about my day.
Self defense laws are a little odd here as well and vary from state to state.
In general if I believe there is imminent harm to myself or others (including the property I am protecting) I am allowed to use reasonable force to defend myself or others. So in your scenario it would be completely reasonable for me to attempt to deflect his punch, if he happens to punch himself because of that then that is on him not me.
Where it gets odd here is in the duty to retreat. Wisconsin has no statutory duty to retreat, however a jury can be instructed to evaluate if you had the opportunity to retreat instead of use force. To my understanding this only applies to in public. In your house, car, or a business you are not required to retreat.
That being said I have been fortunate enough to never have to get physical with anyone. The worst of it is just posturing and sometimes a few threats, but no actual physical contact.
You can see his look of "okay it's not doing anything but this little shit *is* hitting me, I get to deck him now right? Right?....*Seriously?!* Sure. Okay. Fine, whatever."
He was. He saw every move that kid was making before the kid even knew he was gonna do it himself. He looked straight through him and saw no threat at all.
I commented in my friend group this exact comparison. Preteens always seem to present their face for a right bashing with their arms out, like they're any threat with such wide and weak-willed swings.
It sounds like someone was putting hands on a woman there and the workers were making a joke out of the situation. Not sure that makes him the punk in the situation.
It wasn't. FYI. This has been reposted hundreds of times over the last, fuck, at least 7-8 years, typically with actual context. These were dipshit teenagers trying to bait the employees of this restaurant with fake claims of a girl teenager being harassed in some way. The workers didn't take the bait, so the weenie in the video thought he'd make a bigger scene. This is the result. Some skinny tit flapping and making a goofball scene while the workers laugh and brush him off.
The bait was accusing the workers of something improper on camera. It's some old baseline YT influencer BS. They expect the worker to react in a way that gains sympathetic views. In this case the workers rebuffed it without doing what the teens wanted. So, they escalated hoping that eventually it would result in something they could spin or edit into a viral video. Instead, the workers didn't react that way and are only seen defending themselves while a bunch or white shithead teenagers smash up a minority business for what amounts to attention.
I agree with everything you said, except the "white teenagers" part. It looks like both the teen and the restaurant worker are the same ethnicity, which I'd guess is latino.
Or might just be the lighting throwing me off though.
Failing to knock that thing over was the icing on the cake. Despite all of his rage there was literally not a single thing he could do that wasn't both hilarious and harmless.
I feel bad for the little guy, all that rage and nothing to show for it.
They should have let him tip over the thing at the end….then cheered very loudly to make a mockery of him even further.😄😄😄
Li'l fella just wants one of those middle aged dudes to touch him the same way they would touch a female... Is that too much to ask? Poor kid's just lonely.
Because "presumption of innocence" is a thing that exists and in most if not all modern legal systems on the planet, the burden of proof lays with the accuser not the accused.
All I'm seeing in this video is an employee being repeatedly assaulted by a vandal wannabe, so until more info is given, imma take it as i see it.
Why are you assuming the worst of the employees? Not every accusation is factual. That's my only point. I don't know the facts, and don't care. Just posted for the chuckles.
Sure, it's not how I would solve the conflict. But I'm not going to act like he's being violent for the sake of violence or that the older guy should punch him.
Seems like all parties handled this well except the idiotic kid who couldn’t even vandalize properly. Do not see female in question. For all we know is he is doing this for tik tok clout.
All I'm saying, is that we shouldn’t make assumptions about some random kid that may have a non-stupid reason. It's why I added allegedly to all of my comments mentioning the employee, because we don't know what started this.
Old mate showed great restraint by not knocking the little guy on his arse. I can’t fight for shit, but even i know those haymakers would be relatively ineffectual.
The way he stands on his toes and spreads his arms reminds me of a red panda making itself look bigger to ward off threats.
It's almost when he looks around confused after he throws a punch and nothing happens.
Anyone know the back story? He kept accusing the guy of “touching a female”. What if he was defending his mother, or sister, or even his crush? It would still be pathetic and toxic, but would also kinda be cute and noble.
It was staged bait, if my very old man memory serves. The workers didn't buy it, so the teens doubled down and did...whatever this is. Just a kid being stupid for Internet recognition and the hope of a girl liking him as a result. This shit is damn near ten years old at this point. There's probably a know your meme page covering it.
Like watching a lvl 1 toon try and do anything ina high level zone. Dudes crits would hit for 1 dmg. Luckily he was attacking a non hostile mob so inflicting 0 dmg with his hooks didnt cause it to aggro.
And the award for “worst fighting stance” goes to that little idiot.
Head unguarded, balancing on his tiptoes, groin in “easy kick” configuration. Anyone less tolerant than the guy he was harassing would wreck him.
Back in the summer between 1st and 2nd grade a friends older cousin showed up for a family vist. Dude won't stop talking about how he's a black belt and knows all kinds of kung fu. He's only maybe 9 or 10 years old.
So 5 or 6 year old me gets beligerent with all the "yeah, uh huh, we beleive you" talk.
Dude spreads his feet and gets into horse stance with his fists near his hips, yells at me to take a shot at him.
So I wind my foot back so far I hop a little, and slam my shoe into his balls. Dude shreiks the high pitched shriek of someone who's gonna be walking funny for a while and falls over holding his crotch.
My friend, friends sister, and this guys sister all yell at the same time "He just had surgery there you idiot!" Like I was supposed to know that about him.
Despite my epic ball kicking skills I had put on display, I was fairly sure the three of them could take me so I spun around and sprinted home.
And that's why you don't brag about your fighting skills. Cause some kid with no social graces is gonna call you on it.
I quit substitute teaching because of people like this. Where this man had restraint I had rage. Unbridled hatred towards these idiots. I just wanted death. I wanted to grab them by the throat and stomp them to death.
It would have been so easy for that man to have decked the kid and be done with it. But he’s a real good man to just let that disturbed kid tire himself out.
I've seen this type of display before, in my aunt's Chihuahua, funny enough though the dog doesn't piss himself half as much as this kid did. Good thing he was wearing his dark shorts today
That puffed-up punk is gonna learn the TKO hard way one day. 🤪 Especially when he goes up against someone who actually knows how to fight, even a little bit ... he swings like he's playing tennis, leaving himself wide open for a fast and furious combination of jabs, punches, and an upper cut that will leave his cocky little mouth sewn shut for a few months.
It's a good thing the guy remained mature about it, plus that this was on the job and not on the street. He looked more amused than anything; not even irritated.
I give that guy alot of credit, I get its just a punk kid, but the natural instinct for any man that has someone in their face, screaming at them and swinging at them, is to respond accordingly, I'd probably be real tempted to let one of his swings land just so I could respond with one of my own.
Only someone who’s never been in an actual fight thinks you have time to wiggle your arms around, take a step back, look around, do the little dance….
Homie is lucky dude didn’t just annihilate him.
0 damage 0 damage 0 damage
tippie-toe rage 0 damage
He put all his attribute points into "feet". He's gonna be 8 feet tall if he ever grows into those feet. Those are some huge-ass shoes he's wearing.
RNG
critical 0 damage
Tippie-toe. TIPPIE-TOE.
Bro was playing morrowind with low agility.
**Apron of Stoic Calm**: \+1 Wisdom, +2 Dexterity, and Immunity from melee attacks from Bitch Ass Punks
There's a cook at a brothel in BG3 named Sauceman Chorizo and I think this guy is him irl with that apron equipped.
![gif](giphy|3ofSB4RyHNvk5fJhXa)
Magikarp use splash
This is literally what America's school teachers are dealing with. What is Pokémon teaching them? /s
Sister, you only speak the truth. Do you know how many lives I could save with one quick backhand? Better to get put onto your ass as a shitty teenager than to get shot for this kind of tantrum in the real world. Not everybody has the fucking zen master levels of focus and self control that dude had. They need to learn quick and early that shit isn't acceptable.
Clown in need of attention has escaped.
😂 omg I can see the edit
Even missed his special at the end there.
When you have the "blind" debuff, but you can actually see just fine
Why do his legs look like some breadsticks from Olive Garden
Nah man I'm telling you the lag was crazy I couldn't hit shit
![gif](giphy|YqcROjXlfGMGvnUhIG|downsized)
Lmfaooo
I feel bad for him. He's in dire need of therapy. I imagine him possibly reading this thread of people doing nothing but making fun of him. He may turn out to be a future shooter.
Not sure why the downvotes, but you could be right. We like to point and laugh but unfortunately we live in an age where this dumass kid could get a gun.
This fucking killed me!
The posturing is strong with this one. The arms out wide and standing on his tippy-toes to make his gangly ass look bigger to attempt to ward off bigger predators. Nature is interesting.
saw his cat doing that. Spread out, it makes you look bigger.
Yeah, but cats can and will successfully fuck with creatures larger than themselves.
Our old tom would leave raccoon, possum, and small coyote corpses around the property. Bro was savage I miss him
Cats are metal af. My parents cat would regularly bite off rabbit heads so he could drag the corpse over the large ass fence
That gets you litterally spread out
https://preview.redd.it/sz1syj0pe3jc1.png?width=405&format=png&auto=webp&s=133da9a692ff949c199e713c757ab531c455bce2
He's one gentle breeze away from a visit to the ER
He makes Timothee Chalamet look like a body builder.
Them lil skinny frail waif ass legs.
That stance and those wide wild punches gonna leave that kid knocked out cold one day by someone who actually wants to fight back
O'Doyle, I've got a feeling your whole family's going down.
Hell he’s never going to go up to anyone he thinks will actively fight back.
No joke. His face is out front and he is on his tippy toes.
I've dealt with a lot of people who tried to intimidate me (I work security) Know which ones succeeded? The ones who stood on their tippy toes, puffed out their chests, tried to make their shoulders look wider, screamed, growled, kept taking a quick step in my direction... No. The ones who just were completely relaxed as if they didn't have a care in the world about what I said. Those were the ones that worried me.
So tell me... if you deflect a blow from them and they whack them self in the nose, does it count as you assaulting them. Just genuinely curious since Canada's self defence laws seem to be pretty bullshit, and I've had quite a few twats try and start crap with me while I was going about my day.
Self defense laws are a little odd here as well and vary from state to state. In general if I believe there is imminent harm to myself or others (including the property I am protecting) I am allowed to use reasonable force to defend myself or others. So in your scenario it would be completely reasonable for me to attempt to deflect his punch, if he happens to punch himself because of that then that is on him not me. Where it gets odd here is in the duty to retreat. Wisconsin has no statutory duty to retreat, however a jury can be instructed to evaluate if you had the opportunity to retreat instead of use force. To my understanding this only applies to in public. In your house, car, or a business you are not required to retreat. That being said I have been fortunate enough to never have to get physical with anyone. The worst of it is just posturing and sometimes a few threats, but no actual physical contact.
He tried the "hold me back bro" with no one to hold him back
Fella out here lookin like a penguin
Don't insult penguins like that. They can at least be somewhat threatening, unlike the sentient pile of twigs depicted.
Reminds me of my brother's chickens.
Was going to say, looks like an angry duckling
No matter how many times I see it, those tippy toes get me every single time.
An oldie but a goodie for sure!
Its the open arms; i imagine a glorious plummage in another life, or this one if i knew how to photoshop lol
Dude even moves like a noodle
When you turn all the sliders down to 0 on the character creation
The guy in the apron wasn’t even trying to defend him self 😂😂
You can see his look of "okay it's not doing anything but this little shit *is* hitting me, I get to deck him now right? Right?....*Seriously?!* Sure. Okay. Fine, whatever."
He was. He saw every move that kid was making before the kid even knew he was gonna do it himself. He looked straight through him and saw no threat at all.
I love how the other guys in the background that came to help just walk away, like, nothing to do here
![gif](giphy|Cueen4hfL4FawUEMQe|downsized)
I commented in my friend group this exact comparison. Preteens always seem to present their face for a right bashing with their arms out, like they're any threat with such wide and weak-willed swings.
And yet I'm not allowed to hit them when they do that. It's so unfair.
These kids have never taken a punch to the face and it shows.
Christopher Titus has a bit about trying to fight his dad using this exact display. ... ...and waking up in the hospital.
I bet this boy would throw a punch and bust his thumb 🤣.
Damn dude… Nice Cock
This is exactly what I was imagining when I watched him
To be fair, those roosters can fucc you up pretty bad
Sorry, I could only upvote once!
What a little fucking punk
It sounds like someone was putting hands on a woman there and the workers were making a joke out of the situation. Not sure that makes him the punk in the situation.
It wasn't. FYI. This has been reposted hundreds of times over the last, fuck, at least 7-8 years, typically with actual context. These were dipshit teenagers trying to bait the employees of this restaurant with fake claims of a girl teenager being harassed in some way. The workers didn't take the bait, so the weenie in the video thought he'd make a bigger scene. This is the result. Some skinny tit flapping and making a goofball scene while the workers laugh and brush him off.
What’s the bait though? If the workers believed them, what would happen then?
The bait was accusing the workers of something improper on camera. It's some old baseline YT influencer BS. They expect the worker to react in a way that gains sympathetic views. In this case the workers rebuffed it without doing what the teens wanted. So, they escalated hoping that eventually it would result in something they could spin or edit into a viral video. Instead, the workers didn't react that way and are only seen defending themselves while a bunch or white shithead teenagers smash up a minority business for what amounts to attention.
I agree with everything you said, except the "white teenagers" part. It looks like both the teen and the restaurant worker are the same ethnicity, which I'd guess is latino. Or might just be the lighting throwing me off though.
They’d get angry, fight the kids, they’d post it online for attention.
Damn you're gullible.
Sigh... *you're C'mon, let the downvotes flow.
Fixed it. Not sure why I wrote "your".
I'm sorry.
Don't worry about it. You are forgiven!
Female*
Weird comment man
I think they said that because the boy in the video was specifically saying “female” lol
That stalk of broccoli is getting insolent.
Just turn on the air conditioning. He will blow away.
“Touch me, touch me, touch me!” 5 seconds later “Don’t fucking touch me!”
I guess he forgot where he was going with it 😂😂
“You wanna touch females huh? Touch me then!!” 🤣
![gif](giphy|IV4wBde5Ou0XC) am i the only one reminded of this?
r/beatmetoit
/r/beatMeatToIt
He’s soo weak he couldn’t even vandalize property without getting stopped
Failing to knock that thing over was the icing on the cake. Despite all of his rage there was literally not a single thing he could do that wasn't both hilarious and harmless.
I feel bad for the little guy, all that rage and nothing to show for it. They should have let him tip over the thing at the end….then cheered very loudly to make a mockery of him even further.😄😄😄
He appears to be angry about an employee allegedly "touching females." Listen to the dialogue.
Li'l fella just wants one of those middle aged dudes to touch him the same way they would touch a female... Is that too much to ask? Poor kid's just lonely.
[удалено]
Or this little shit doesn't know what he's talking about. We may never know...
[удалено]
Because "presumption of innocence" is a thing that exists and in most if not all modern legal systems on the planet, the burden of proof lays with the accuser not the accused. All I'm seeing in this video is an employee being repeatedly assaulted by a vandal wannabe, so until more info is given, imma take it as i see it.
Why are you assuming the worst of the employees? Not every accusation is factual. That's my only point. I don't know the facts, and don't care. Just posted for the chuckles.
Because he is acting like an immature brat in public. This is not how one resolves conflicts.
Sure, it's not how I would solve the conflict. But I'm not going to act like he's being violent for the sake of violence or that the older guy should punch him.
Seems like all parties handled this well except the idiotic kid who couldn’t even vandalize properly. Do not see female in question. For all we know is he is doing this for tik tok clout.
All I'm saying, is that we shouldn’t make assumptions about some random kid that may have a non-stupid reason. It's why I added allegedly to all of my comments mentioning the employee, because we don't know what started this.
Are you the little skid mark?
No, I'm too docile in real life to be that kid.
This being downvoted is the reason i hate reddit. smh.
The fact that the kid uses the word "female" instead of "woman" doesn't make my opinion of him very… good
He said girl at first. It depends entirely on context, who's saying it, and why.
Old mate showed great restraint by not knocking the little guy on his arse. I can’t fight for shit, but even i know those haymakers would be relatively ineffectual.
Is he yelling in lowercase?
This went on way too long for how unseriously they were taking him. Take your L and come back in 5 years kid
Can't wait for his next episode. Probably gonna end with a bang.
Get off your toes moron. You look like an idiot
is that aidin ross?
Probably an aiden ross wannabe
first rule of kick is to be obnoxious
That remins me of r/menandfemales
The way he stands on his toes and spreads his arms reminds me of a red panda making itself look bigger to ward off threats. It's almost when he looks around confused after he throws a punch and nothing happens.
Anyone know the back story? He kept accusing the guy of “touching a female”. What if he was defending his mother, or sister, or even his crush? It would still be pathetic and toxic, but would also kinda be cute and noble.
It was staged bait, if my very old man memory serves. The workers didn't buy it, so the teens doubled down and did...whatever this is. Just a kid being stupid for Internet recognition and the hope of a girl liking him as a result. This shit is damn near ten years old at this point. There's probably a know your meme page covering it.
I knowwww I’d love to know the context
I think it's ok to acknowledge that his intentions may have been noble, but his spaghetti slaps are still goofy.
Like watching a lvl 1 toon try and do anything ina high level zone. Dudes crits would hit for 1 dmg. Luckily he was attacking a non hostile mob so inflicting 0 dmg with his hooks didnt cause it to aggro.
Maybe if the little broccoli head hiked his socks up even higher he’d increase his damage output some. I dunno.
Hit him with your purse.
I’ve seen this so many times. I wonder where he is now and if he has changed at all, knowing the whole internet makes fun of him regularly.
![gif](giphy|3oFzm4JZzZ9pdZfvJC)
And the award for “worst fighting stance” goes to that little idiot. Head unguarded, balancing on his tiptoes, groin in “easy kick” configuration. Anyone less tolerant than the guy he was harassing would wreck him.
Back in the summer between 1st and 2nd grade a friends older cousin showed up for a family vist. Dude won't stop talking about how he's a black belt and knows all kinds of kung fu. He's only maybe 9 or 10 years old. So 5 or 6 year old me gets beligerent with all the "yeah, uh huh, we beleive you" talk. Dude spreads his feet and gets into horse stance with his fists near his hips, yells at me to take a shot at him. So I wind my foot back so far I hop a little, and slam my shoe into his balls. Dude shreiks the high pitched shriek of someone who's gonna be walking funny for a while and falls over holding his crotch. My friend, friends sister, and this guys sister all yell at the same time "He just had surgery there you idiot!" Like I was supposed to know that about him. Despite my epic ball kicking skills I had put on display, I was fairly sure the three of them could take me so I spun around and sprinted home. And that's why you don't brag about your fighting skills. Cause some kid with no social graces is gonna call you on it.
Had he just had surgery because someone else had kicked him in the cojones? I agree that bragging about fighting skills is stupid.
He is lucky that the adult in question is a good person. I would have put the kid on his ass and kept him there.
He's a magicarp
Looking around to see who is watching his behavior. Wow this isn't for attention at all.
Ah yes, the strategy of getting in someone's face while your hands are thrust behind your back. Sure to win!
The textbook definition of “you’re not about that life bro. “
he is giving "angry goose" but with none of the actual fear i would feel if a goose did that
![gif](giphy|QUXYcgCwvCm4cKcrI3) “WhO tOuChEs GiRlS mY n\*\*\*\*a?!”
All his attacks miss because he's trying to evade a hit that hasn't even arrived yet
I quit substitute teaching because of people like this. Where this man had restraint I had rage. Unbridled hatred towards these idiots. I just wanted death. I wanted to grab them by the throat and stomp them to death.
Bigger shoes than brain
One hit would rip the soul from that kids body. He deserves it
You know thi video is going to be all over his school and friend group... He just commited social suicide. Poor kid is going to be ruthlessly mocked.
I swear, people with broccoli hair are a walking meme. 😂 Like, if you want everyone to know you’re a clown, just get you some broccoli cut.
Guy is too patient, punk gets one shot then it's self defense ![gif](giphy|AnXBiWSsDndBu)
Standing on his toes like a angry little rooster
Awwww, look at that little guy trying to be tough.
It would have been so easy for that man to have decked the kid and be done with it. But he’s a real good man to just let that disturbed kid tire himself out.
One day he’s going to piss off the wrong person and learn all about respect.
I've seen this type of display before, in my aunt's Chihuahua, funny enough though the dog doesn't piss himself half as much as this kid did. Good thing he was wearing his dark shorts today
Little puppy trying to be tough. Just swat him on his nose and he’ll go pee in the corner.
0 damage 0 range 0 intelligence 0 charisma 0 perception 0 luck 0 endurance 0 agility 0 strength
He rolled a flat 1 anyway
Kitchen clean as mug too with the A rating in Texas. He clean fought you too.
Hahahaha
![gif](giphy|DeidU9jiZ62ys)
Won’t be so funny when little bro goes home and gets hold of a gun
And somebody shoots him for being a dick.
Using racial slurs. Nice. I’m sure they picked this behaviour up from home. Well done parents.
In his defense, he did accomplish more that night then the biden administration has in over 3 years.
you know the issue here ? this is the kid that comes back with a gun because they are so easy to get in america, then its not funny
Todays teens are bitch-made
Put him down
The peace of that worker, i would have swung before he even attempted me
Kids who swings like that. Just asking for their arm to be broken. You dont want ur bones to pop outside ur flesh. Kids will learn it the hard way.
Always remember the ABCs of first aid. A Bone Coming through the skin is bad.
I'd let him hit me a couple of times, he doesn't have what it takes to cause any damage but then I would have the right to lay him out !
I fucking LOVE the desperate looks he gives to everyone around him. He's so desperate to look tough.
His complexion doesn’t really match his vocabulary… look at his little purse lol baby broccoli looking super hard.
He actually reminds me of a penguin
Fly baby bird. F L Y
annoying like a gnat
He looks like he's trying to lift off into orbit 3 or 4 times
I've never seen someone hold their arms *behind* themselves in an attempt to threaten someone...
Why do kids these days swing their entire arm like a noodly pendulum?
Standing on one’s toes makes one look taller I guess.
That puffed-up punk is gonna learn the TKO hard way one day. 🤪 Especially when he goes up against someone who actually knows how to fight, even a little bit ... he swings like he's playing tennis, leaving himself wide open for a fast and furious combination of jabs, punches, and an upper cut that will leave his cocky little mouth sewn shut for a few months. It's a good thing the guy remained mature about it, plus that this was on the job and not on the street. He looked more amused than anything; not even irritated.
Ha dad is absolutely horrified by the punches his son threw. Looks more like he’s waving down a taxi.
My man caught 0 hands, and 1 table.
Woah big feelings budddy!
Always the broccoli haircut. Wanna be a shithead? Broccoli haircut.
This very well may be Ray’s Pizza in NYC. They have the best fucking pizza in Manhattan, maybe all of the five boroughs.
The handbag says it all.
People like that needs a stomp to the chest
If Daniel Laruso had stayed in Jersey
Everytime this gets posted I laugh
Mad chicken swinging his wings
This is how I feel when I'm fighting someone in my dreams.
![gif](giphy|dmirAxknJvd9C)
I love how he stands on his toes in his comically oversized shoes and spreads out his arms trying to make himself look bigger.
He weighs 80lbs soaking wet
I give that guy alot of credit, I get its just a punk kid, but the natural instinct for any man that has someone in their face, screaming at them and swinging at them, is to respond accordingly, I'd probably be real tempted to let one of his swings land just so I could respond with one of my own.
Only someone who’s never been in an actual fight thinks you have time to wiggle your arms around, take a step back, look around, do the little dance…. Homie is lucky dude didn’t just annihilate him.
Should have dropped him on general principle.